Karabuk
Karabuk is a town and the capital district of Karabuk Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. According to the 2000 census, population of the district is 116,804 of which 100,749 live in the urban center of Karabuk. The district covers an area of 760 km2 (293 sq mi), and the town lies at an elevation of 354 m (1,161 ft). Karabuk is one of the newest provinces of Turkey in the northern part of Anatolia located about 200 kilometers north of Ankara and 115 km away from Zonguldak. Until few years ago it was a district of Zonguldak than in 1995 it became a city of its own. It was built in the 1930s as the seat of the iron and steel industry of Turkey. Karabuk lies in a location near Filyos river formed by the merge of Arac and Soganli rivers.
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There are no proven facts about the origin of its name; in Turkish Kara means Black or Land and Buk means corner. But some local people believe that Buk is the name of the vegetation in the area, so maybe Karabuk means "Land of Buk vegetation".
Karabuk has its own resources of dolomite and limestone, while coal and manganese is brought from Zonguldak and iron ore from Divrigi. This allows a varied, yet basic industry in Karabuk, including a coking plant, blast furnaces, a foundry and tube works. There are also chemical plants that produce sulfuric acid and phosphates. Nearby are the Zonguldak coal fields.